The status of a transaction and mandate needs to be consumed separately as they are not co-related. Yes, Transaction can be CHARGED but mandate status can be still CREATED. CREATED means that it is in a pending state. Also note that a failed transaction will not have an ACTIVE mandate. It might also fail or stay in created state.
You can refer this link. Let us know if you have any doubts.
NO, CHARGED transactions can have different mandate status.
This won't be a right implementation. Please consume the mandate status from the mandate block in the webhook and order status. Order status should be the final source of truth.